Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on the Answer Sheet.Scientific research is by nature an uncertain undertaking. Like any exploratory process, it is not possible to predict what one will find or what its eventual utility might be. That is the whole point of research-investigating what we do not know. In other walks of life we have come to grips with the notion of stochastic phenomena that are not individually predictable, but can be tackled as a group. Mutual fund managers do not expect every investment to have the same return, nor do actuaries expect every person to live precisely to the life expectancy. The whole point of a mutual fund, or an insurance company, is to create a portfolio of unpredictable entities that in the aggregate yield to statistical prediction. Given a sufficiently large portfolio of research projects, and enough time to bring them to fruition, the track record is clear: Science is a tremendous, and very predictable, investment.Yet this is not how science is viewed by those who fund it in government or industry. Therefore, projects are subjected to a scrutiny wholly inappropriate to their nature. The most reliable way to get research funds is to predict the research results up front, to guarantee low risk of failure, and to present a clear and certain path from results to great commercial utility.
Directions: Put the following passage into English Write your English version in the proper space on Answer Sheet.目前，對待科技發展存在著相互對立的兩種思潮；反科學思潮認為，現代科學的發展非但沒有給人類社會帶來福音，反而帶來了災難和毀滅；另一種是科技進步思潮，他們認為人類面臨的環境污染、生態失衡、資源枯竭等危機是科學發展過程中自然而然遇到的問題，這些問題進一步解決的出路恰恰在于繼續大力發展科技。上述兩種觀點都有一定的合理性，也都有各執一端的片面性，如果從時代的高度和辯證的觀點看待當代科技的發展時，我們就可以發現，當代科學技術所面臨的問題并不是去如何認識現代科技進步，而是從時代的需要出發，設法找到未來科技進一步發展的理論根據所在。
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